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Note

This article deploys an app to App Service on Windows. To deploy to App Service on Linux, see Build a PHP and MySQL app in Azure App Service on Linux.

Azure App Service provides a highly scalable, self-patching web hosting service. This tutorial shows how to create a PHP app in Azure and connect it to a MySQL database. When you're finished, you'll have a Laravel app running on Azure App Service.

In this tutorial, you learn how to:

• Create a MySQL database in Azure
• Connect a PHP app to MySQL
• Deploy the app to Azure
• Update the data model and redeploy the app
• Stream diagnostic logs from Azure
• Manage the app in the Azure portal

If you don't have an Azure subscription, create a free account before you begin.

Prerequisites

To complete this tutorial:

• Enable the following PHP extensions Laravel needs: OpenSSL, PDO-MySQL, Mbstring, Tokenizer, XML

Prepare local MySQL

In this step, you create a database in your local MySQL server for your use in this tutorial.

Connect to local MySQL server

In a terminal window, connect to your local MySQL server. You can use this terminal window to run all the commands in this tutorial.

If you're prompted for a password, enter the password for the root account. If you don't remember your root account password, see MySQL: How to Reset the Root Password.

If your command runs successfully, then your MySQL server is running. If not, make sure that your local MySQL server is started by following the MySQL post-installation steps.

Create a database locally

At the mysql prompt, create a database.

Exit your server connection by typing quit.

Create a PHP app locally

In this step, you get a Laravel sample application, configure its database connection, and run it locally.

Clone the sample

In the terminal window, cd to a working directory.

Run the following command to clone the sample repository.

cd to your cloned directory.Install the required packages.

Configure MySQL connection

In the repository root, create a text file named .env. Copy the following variables into the .env file. Replace the <root_password> placeholder with the MySQL root user's password.

For information on how Laravel uses the .env file, see Laravel Environment Configuration.

Run the sample locally

Run Laravel database migrations to create the tables the application needs. To see which tables are created in the migrations, look in the database/migrations directory in the Git repository.

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Generate a new Laravel application key.

Run the application.

Navigate to http://localhost:8000 in a browser. Add a few tasks in the page.

To stop the PHP server, type Ctrl + C in the terminal.

Use Azure Cloud Shell

Azure hosts Azure Cloud Shell, an interactive shell environment that you can use through your browser. You can use either Bash or PowerShell with Cloud Shell to work with Azure services. You can use the Cloud Shell preinstalled commands to run the code in this article without having to install anything on your local environment.

To start Azure Cloud Shell:

To run the code in this article in Azure Cloud Shell:

1. Start Cloud Shell.

2. Select the Copy button on a code block to copy the code.

3. Paste the code into the Cloud Shell session by selecting Ctrl+Shift+V on Windows and Linux or by selecting Cmd+Shift+V on macOS.

4. Select Enter to run the code.

Create MySQL in Azure

In this step, you create a MySQL database in Azure Database for MySQL. Later, you configure the PHP application to connect to this database.

Create a resource group

A resource group is a logical container into which Azure resources like web apps, databases, and storage accounts are deployed and managed. For example, you can choose to delete the entire resource group in one simple step later.

In the Cloud Shell, create a resource group with the az group create command. The following example creates a resource group named myResourceGroup in the West Europe location. To see all supported locations for App Service in Free tier, run the az appservice list-locations --sku FREE command.

You generally create your resource group and the resources in a region near you.

When the command finishes, a JSON output shows you the resource group properties.

Create a MySQL server

In the Cloud Shell, create a server in Azure Database for MySQL with the az mysql server create command.

In the following command, substitute a unique server name for the <mysql_server_name> placeholder, a user name for the <admin_user>, and a password for the <admin_password> placeholder. The server name is used as part of your MySQL endpoint (https://<mysql_server_name>.mysql.database.azure.com), so the name needs to be unique across all servers in Azure.

Note

Since there are several credentials to think about in this tutorial, to avoid confusion, --admin-user and --admin-password are set to dummy values. In a production environment, follow security best practices when choosing a good username and password for your MySQL server in Azure.

When the MySQL server is created, the Azure CLI shows information similar to the following example:

Configure server firewall

In the Cloud Shell, create a firewall rule for your MySQL server to allow client connections by using the az mysql server firewall-rule create command. When both starting IP and end IP are set to 0.0.0.0, the firewall is only opened for other Azure resources.

Tip

You can be even more restrictive in your firewall rule by using only the outbound IP addresses your app uses.

In the Cloud Shell, run the command again to allow access from your local computer by replacing <your_ip_address> with your local IPv4 IP address.

Connect to production MySQL server locally

In the local terminal window, connect to the MySQL server in Azure. Use the value you specified previously for <mysql_server_name>. When prompted for a password, use the password you specified when you created the database in Azure.

Create a production database

At the mysql prompt, create a database. Science of cooking pdf download.

Create a user with permissions

Create a database user called phpappuser and give it all privileges in the sampledb database. Again, for simplicity of the tutorial, use MySQLAzure2017 as the password.

Exit the server connection by typing quit.

Connect app to Azure MySQL

In this step, you connect the PHP application to the MySQL database you created in Azure Database for MySQL.

Configure the database connection

In the repository root, create an .env.production file and copy the following variables into it. Replace the placeholder <mysql_server_name> in both DB_HOST and DB_USERNAME.

Save the changes.

Tip

To secure your MySQL connection information, this file is already excluded from the Git repository (See .gitignore in the repository root). Later, you learn how to configure environment variables in App Service to connect to your database in Azure Database for MySQL. With environment variables, you don't need the .env file in App Service.

Configure TLS/SSL certificate

By default, Azure Database for MySQL enforces TLS connections from clients. To connect to your MySQL database in Azure, you must use the .pem certificate supplied by Azure Database for MySQL.

Open config/database.php and add the sslmode and options parameters to connections.mysql, as shown in the following code.

The certificate BaltimoreCyberTrustRoot.crt.pem is provided in the repository for convenience in this tutorial.

Test the application locally

Run Laravel database migrations with .env.production as the environment file to create the tables in your MySQL database in Azure Database for MySQL. Remember that .env.production has the connection information to your MySQL database in Azure.

.env.production doesn't have a valid application key yet. Generate a new one for it in the terminal.

Run the sample application with .env.production as the environment file.

Navigate to http://localhost:8000. If the page loads without errors, the PHP application is connecting to the MySQL database in Azure.

Add a few tasks in the page.

Laravel App Class

To stop PHP, type Ctrl + C in the terminal.

Commit your changes

Run the following Git commands to commit your changes:

Your app is ready to be deployed.

Deploy to Azure

In this step, you deploy the MySQL-connected PHP application to Azure App Service.

Configure a deployment user

FTP and local Git can deploy to an Azure web app by using a deployment user. Once you configure your deployment user, you can use it for all your Azure deployments. Your account-level deployment username and password are different from your Azure subscription credentials.

To configure the deployment user, run the az webapp deployment user set command in Azure Cloud Shell. Replace <username> and <password> with a deployment user username and password.

• The username must be unique within Azure, and for local Git pushes, must not contain the ‘@’ symbol.
• The password must be at least eight characters long, with two of the following three elements: letters, numbers, and symbols.

The JSON output shows the password as null. If you get a 'Conflict'. Details: 409 error, change the username. If you get a 'Bad Request'. Details: 400 error, use a stronger password.

Record your username and password to use to deploy your web apps.

Create an App Service plan

In the Cloud Shell, create an App Service plan with the az appservice plan create command.

The following example creates an App Service plan named myAppServicePlan in the Free pricing tier:

When the App Service plan has been created, the Azure CLI shows information similar to the following example:

Create a web app

Create a web app in the myAppServicePlan App Service plan.

In the Cloud Shell, you can use the az webapp create command. In the following example, replace <app-name> with a globally unique app name (valid characters are a-z, 0-9, and -). The runtime is set to PHP|7.3. To see all supported runtimes, run az webapp list-runtimes --linux.

When the web app has been created, the Azure CLI shows output similar to the following example:

You’ve created an empty new web app, with git deployment enabled.

Note

The URL of the Git remote is shown in the deploymentLocalGitUrl property, with the format https://<username>@<app-name>.scm.azurewebsites.net/<app-name>.git. Save this URL as you need it later.

Configure database settings

As pointed out previously, you can connect to your Azure MySQL database using environment variables in App Service.

In the Cloud Shell, you set environment variables as app settings by using the az webapp config appsettings set command.

The following command configures the app settings DB_HOST, DB_DATABASE, DB_USERNAME, and DB_PASSWORD. Replace the placeholders <appname> and <mysql_server_name>.

You can use the PHP getenv method to access the settings. the Laravel code uses an env wrapper over the PHP getenv. For example, the MySQL configuration in config/database.php looks like the following code:

Configure Laravel environment variables

Laravel needs an application key in App Service. You can configure it with app settings.

In the local terminal window, use php artisan to generate a new application key without saving it to .env.

In the Cloud Shell, set the application key in the App Service app by using the az webapp config appsettings set command. Replace the placeholders <appname> and <outputofphpartisankey:generate>.

APP_DEBUG='true' tells Laravel to return debugging information when the deployed app encounters errors. When running a production application, set it to false, which is more secure.

Set the virtual application path

Set the virtual application path for the app. This step is required because the Laravel application lifecycle begins in the public directory instead of the application's root directory. Other PHP frameworks whose lifecycle start in the root directory can work without manual configuration of the virtual application path.

In the Cloud Shell, set the virtual application path by using the az resource update command. Replace the <appname> placeholder.

By default, Azure App Service points the root virtual application path (/) to the root directory of the deployed application files (siteswwwroot).

Push to Azure from Git

Back in the local terminal window, add an Azure remote to your local Git repository. Replace <deploymentLocalGitUrl-from-create-step> with the URL of the Git remote that you saved from Create a web app.

Push to the Azure remote to deploy your app with the following command. When Git Credential Manager prompts you for credentials, make sure you enter the credentials you created in Configure a deployment user, not the credentials you use to sign in to the Azure portal.

This command may take a few minutes to run. While running, it displays information similar to the following example:

Note

You may notice that the deployment process installs Composer packages at the end. App Service does not run these automations during default deployment, so this sample repository has three additional files in its root directory to enable it:

• .deployment - This file tells App Service to run bash deploy.sh as the custom deployment script.
• deploy.sh - The custom deployment script. If you review the file, you will see that it runs php composer.phar install after npm install.
• composer.phar - The Composer package manager.

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You can use this approach to add any step to your Git-based deployment to App Service. For more information, see Custom Deployment Script.

Browse to the Azure app

Browse to http://<app_name>.azurewebsites.net and add a few tasks to the list.

Congratulations, you're running at see console logs immediately, check again in 30 seconds.

To stop log streaming at anytime, type Ctrl+C.

Tip

A PHP application can use the standard error_log() to output to the console. The sample application uses this approach in app/Http/routes.php.

As a web framework, Laravel uses Monolog as the logging provider. To see how to get Monolog to output messages to the console, see PHP: How to use monolog to log to console (php://out).

Manage the Azure app

Go to the Azure portal to manage the app you created.

From the left menu, click App Services, and then click the name of your Azure app.

You see your app's Overview page. Here, you can perform basic management tasks like stop, start, restart, browse, and delete.

The left menu provides pages for configuring your app.

Clean up resources

In the preceding steps, you created Azure resources in a resource group. If you don't expect to need these resources in the future, delete the resource group by running the following command in the Cloud Shell:

This command may take a minute to run.

Next steps

In this tutorial, you learned how to:

• Create a MySQL database in Azure
• Connect a PHP app to MySQL
• Deploy the app to Azure
• Update the data model and redeploy the app
• Stream diagnostic logs from Azure
• Manage the app in the Azure portal

Advance to the next tutorial to learn how to map a custom DNS name to the app.

Laravel has a command-line interface named Artisan. This interface provides the developer a lot of useful commands to speed up the development process.

Furthermore, you may want to extend artisan with your own commands to create and automatizate the unique tasks of your Laravel project. Commands are typically stored in the app/Console/Commands directory however, you are free to choose your own storage location as long as your commands can be loaded by Composer.

In this article, you'll learn how to create a custom command for artisan easily in Laravel 5.3.

Create and register command

Laravel help you to do everything easier, it has already integrated the make:console NewClassName command to speed up your development process. This command expects as first argument the name of the class and optionally, the command option to specify directly the name of the command without modify the class.

To create a new console command named quiz:start with class name QuizStart execute the following command in your console : Traktor pro 3 pioneer ddj sz.

Note: in case you don't want to use the console, copy the example class in 'Structure of a command'and change the name of the file and class as you wish. Remember too that in previous versions of Laravel < 5.2, instead of make:command, you'll need to use make:console.

This should create a QuizStart class in the /app/console/commands directory with AppConsoleCommands namespace.

Finally, our command is not registered, therefore we need to add it into our /app/console/Kernel.php file in the $commands array (provide the class path and name):

Use php artisan cache:clear to clear the cache and try executing your command with the previous given name:

As expected, this command should do nothing, now you only need to learn how to deal with the command.

Structure of a command

To customize the name of your command and description, change the name directly in the class and all the logic of the command will be stored in the handle function.

Print text

To send output to the console, you can choose between the following method : line, info, comment, question and error methods. Each of these methods will use appropriate ANSI colors for their purpose.

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Command input : arguments and options

Expect arguments and options in the command

If you don't set which parameters or options expects your function, your command will be unable to work, even if you execute it with parameters.

In Laravel, in the signature property (command name) is where we define our arguments and options, directly in the string (unlike older versions of Laravel) :

The arguments are registered in our commannd with the simple syntax of {argumentName} and the options as {--optionName=}. so now we don't need to create the get options and get arguments methods in our class.

It's syntax is very simple to understand, basically these are all the ways to use arguments and options in our command (if you want more details, please read the docs):

• Argument: quiz:start {argument}.
• Optional Argument (note the question mark next to the argument name): quiz:start {argument?}.
• Argument with default value: quiz:start {argument=defaultValue}.
• Boolean Option: quiz:start --myOption.
• Option with Value: quiz:start --myOption=.
• Option with Value and Default: quiz:start --myOption=12.

Retrieve arguments and options values

If your command needs some values to work (parameters), you'll need to access these values to use them in your command. To achieve this task, you can use the argument and option methods :

Example

The following function will create an interactive quiz in the console and you need to answer all of them. Once the quiz has been filled out, it will show the answers that you typed.

Executing a command from a controller or route

Obviously, as we used the ask method, it shouldn't work however for other methods you would be able to execute the command using :

If you need more information about artisan, you can read the documentation here. Have fun !